中產家庭的養老挑戰
2025-07-30 Retirement Planning
2025-07-30 Retirement Planning

中國中產家庭正面臨前所未有的養老壓力,人口老齡化、少子化、職場競爭以及傳統養老保障不足,共同構成了高質量養老的阻礙。傳統依賴內地養老金或香港強積金(MPF)的模式,已難以滿足中產階級對高端養老服務和財富傳承的需求。養老家族信託作爲一種靈活的財富管理工具,爲中產家庭提供了兼顧養老保障、資產增值和跨代傳承的解決方案。本文深入分析中產家庭的養老挑戰,並簡要介紹應對之道。


一、中產家庭的養老挑戰


1、老齡化與少子化的雙重擠壓


中國老齡化速度位居全球前列。聯合國數據顯示,2024年65歲及以上人口占比超15%,預計2035年將接近23%。與此同時,2024年總和生育率僅1.01,遠低於世代更替水平2.1。獨生子女政策形成的“4-2-1”家庭結構(一對夫婦贍養四位老人和一個孩子)顯著加重了養老負擔。 城市中產家庭首當其衝。生活成本高企,他們需同時應對父母養老、子女教育和自身職業發展的多重支出。例如,一對35歲的夫婦可能需爲四位60多歲的父母規劃養老,同時撫養一個學齡兒童,經濟和精力雙重透支。少子化還導致未來家庭支持網絡萎縮,年輕一代難以依賴子女贍養,養老責任幾乎全部落在自己身上。


2、職場高壓與財富積累的困境


中產年輕人身處激烈的職場競爭,“996”工作制成爲常態,生活質量和家庭時間被嚴重擠壓。許多人希望通過投資實現“財務獨立,提前退休”,爲養老儲備資金。然而,資本市場波動和通脹侵蝕了投資回報。 以2020-2022年的A股市場爲例,多次劇烈震盪讓普通投資者損失慘重。中產家庭的投資知識和渠道有限,盲目跟風可能導致資產縮水。即使選擇低風險產品,如銀行理財或國債,年化收益率通常低於4%,難以跑贏通脹(2023年CPI約2%-3%)。財富積累的低效讓提前退休的夢想遙不可及,養老資金缺口日益擴大。


3、傳統養老保障的捉襟見肘


內地養老金替代率(退休時的養老金領取水平與退休前工資收入水平之間的比率)持續下滑,2023年平均僅40%-50%。以月薪1.2萬元的中產爲例,退休後養老金可能僅4800-6000元,難以維持原有生活水平,更無法負擔高端養老社區或私人醫療的開支。 香港的強積金(MPF)雖強制儲蓄,但過去十年平均年化收益率僅3%-4%,覆蓋範圍有限,難以應對長期護理或慢性病治療的高額費用。中產家庭普遍希望入住泰康之家等高端養老機構,或享受私人醫療服務,但傳統保障體系遠遠不足以支撐這些需求。


4、財富傳承的風險


個人資產面臨多重風險。債務、法律訴訟或投資失誤可能導致財富流失,例如創業失敗可能使家庭資產被債權人追索,直接影響養老儲備。缺乏專業工具,中產家庭難以實現資產的長期保值和順暢傳承,遺產規劃也可能因法律程序繁瑣而受阻。


二、養老家族信託:中產養老的新選擇


養老家族信託是一種法律安排,委託人將資產移交至信託,由受託人按指定意願管理,爲受益人(如家人或後代)提供收益。其核心優勢包括:


資產隔離:信託資產獨立於個人資產,免受債務或訴訟影響,保障養老資金安全。
靈活分配:定製分配規則,滿足養老、醫療或傳承需求,如定期支付養老費用或爲子女預留教育基金。
隱私保障:信託文件高度保密,區塊鏈存證技術確保意願不可篡改。


富途信託推出的養老家族信託服務專爲中產家庭設計,資產門檻低至300萬港元,具體應用包括:


財富管理:投資證券、基金、國債等多元化產品,抵禦通脹,爲養老提供穩定現金流。
養老服務對接:與高端養老社區和醫療機構合作,代付費用,確保高品質退休生活。
傳承規劃:支持遺囑制定和多代受益人指定,簡化遺產分配,減輕後代負擔。
數字化管理:在線平臺便於查看資產和分配記錄,適合忙碌的現代生活。
香港的《信託法》和全球化金融市場,爲該服務提供了堅實支撐,使其成爲中產家庭的理想選擇。


三、結語


中國中產家庭的養老挑戰源於老齡化、少子化、職場壓力和傳統保障不足。社會結構變遷瓦解了家庭養老模式,財富積累困境加劇了財務焦慮,傳統養老金難以支撐高品質生活。富途信託推出的養老家族信託服務通過資產隔離、靈活分配和專業管理,爲中產家庭提供了兼顧養老與傳承的解決方案。對追求高質量退休生活的家庭而言,養老家族信託不僅是財務工具,更是守護未來的智慧選擇。

The information of this article is for reference only and is not intended to provide any legal, tax or other advice, nor should it be considered for such purposes. Clients are recommended to seek professional advice. The content of this article is based on reliable sources at the time of making it and it is subject to revision by our company without notice.
Contact Us

Futu Trustee is committed to providing you with professional and reliable services. If you have any questions, please feel free to contact us.

Hong Kong
34/F, United Centre, No. 95 Queensway, Admiralty, Hong Kong
+852 2301 8918

The licensing information in relation to companies within Futu Group is as follows:

Futu Securities International (Hong Kong) Limited

Holder of 20 licenses and participantship in providing clients with reliable securities trading services.

In Hong Kong, China: Futu HK is a licensed corporation regulated by the Securities and Futures Commission of Hong Kong (CE No. AZT137) and has obtained Type 1 Licence for Dealing in Securities, Type 2 Licence for Dealing in Futures Contracts, Type 3 Licence for Leveraged Foreign Exchange Trading, Type 4 Licence for Advising on Securities, Type 5 Licence for Advising on Futures Contracts, and Type 9 Licence for Asset Management.Futu HK is registered as MPF Intermediary, SEHK Participant, HKSCC Direct Clearing Participant, SEHK China Connect Exchange Participant, HKSCC China Connect Clearing Participant, SEHK Options Trading Exchange Participant, SEOCH Direct Clearing Participant, HKFE Futures Commission Merchant, and HKCC Clearing Participant.

In Europe: Futu HK is a member of London Stock Exchange and Turquoise.

In Singapore: Futu HK is a trading member of Singapore Exchange Securities Trading Limited and Singapore Exchange Derivatives Trading Limited.

Futu Trustee Limited

Holder of Trust or Company Service Provider Licence (Licence No. TC006475).

Futu Lending Limited

Holder of Money Lenders Licence (Licence No. 2034/2021).

Moomoo Financial Inc.

A broker-dealer registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) (CRD: 283078/SEC: 8-69739), and a member in good standing of Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) and the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (SIPC).

Moomoo Global Markets Inc.

A broker-dealer registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) (CRD: 298769/SEC: 8-70215), a member in good standing of Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) and the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (SIPC), as well as a member of Depository Trust Company (DTC), a member of National Securities Clearing Corporation (NSCC) and the Options Clearing Corporation (OCC).

Futu Wealth Advisors Inc.

An investment advisor registered with and regulated by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) (CRD: 310790/SEC: 801-119635).

Futu Futures Inc.

A licensed entity registered with the National Futures Association (NFA) (NFA ID: 0523957) and regulated by the National Futures Association (NFA) and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC).

Moomoo Financial Singapore Pte. Ltd.

Registered with the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS), Futu SG is a Capital Markets Services Licence (Licence No. CMS101000) holder with the Exempt Financial Adviser Status. Futu SG has also received all SGX's memberships. Futu SG has been admitted as Clearing Member of The Central Depository (Pte) Ltd (CDP) , Trading Member of Singapore Exchange Securities Trading Limited (“SGX-ST”), Trading and Clearing Member of Singapore Exchange Derivatives Trading Limited (“SGX-DT”), and Depository Agent of CDP.

Moomoo Trustee (Singapore) Pte. Ltd.

A Singapore trust company licensed by the Monetary Authority of Singapore to carry on trust business and services (Licence Number: No.TC000074).

Moomoo Securities Australia Ltd

A securities dealer registered with and regulated the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC). Futu AU holds the Australian Financial Services Licence (Licence No. 224663).

️© 2025 FUTU